* Corresponding authors
a
School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
E-mail:
nan.zhaoca@outlook.com, zhaonan@zzu.edu.cn
Tel: +86 13838315063
b Bioenergy and Environment Science & Technology Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
c Key Laboratory of Clean Production and Utilization of Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rurual Affairs, China, Beijing 100083, China
d National Center for International Research of BioEnergy Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
e State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, P. R. China
f Wengfu (Group) Co., Ltd, Guiyang 550001, China
g State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Medium and Low-Grade Phosphate Rock and Its Associated Resources, Guiyang 550014, China
Abstract
Graphene, a carbon material with high carrier mobility and low current density, is a promising candidate for the fabrication of flexible sensors. However, its production using traditional methods is complex and expensive, whereas the synthesis of laser-induced graphene (LIG) is eco-friendly and inexpensive under ambient conditions. LIG features a 3D porous structure with localized defects, which is influenced by substrate properties, laser parameters, and processing steps. Herein, the influence of the twist angle between two laser irradiation steps on the porous structure and conductive characteristics of LIG is explored. The results show that the optimal twist angle is 4°, at which the square resistance of LIG is as low as 12.0 Ω sq−1. The change in the conductivity of LIG occurs because the optimal twist angle between the two graphene layers opens the band gap. LIG with a twist angle of 4° is selected to prepare a biosensor and a Hall sensor. It is found that the LIG-based biosensor exhibits a lower detection limit of 8.62 μM when detecting uric acid (UA). Furthermore, the Hall sensitivity of the cross and circular Hall sensors is ∼0.59 and ∼0.64 V (A−1 T−1), respectively. This study supports the application of LIG in flexible sensors and provides some guidelines for further exploration of the 3D structure of LIG.
Supplementary files
Article information
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01730K
- Article type
- Paper
- Submitted
- 29 Apr 2025
- Accepted
- 28 Jun 2025
- First published
- 15 Jul 2025
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2025, Advance Article
Permissions
Laser-induced graphene based on the controllable angle between two irradiation steps for the fabrication of flexible sensor
X. Mao, Y. Wang, H. Li, P. Zhao, N. Zhao, B. Xie and Y. Zhou, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2025, Advance Article , DOI: 10.1039/D5TC01730K
To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.
If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.
If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.
Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.
