CLOUD

How to migrate enterprise databases and data to the cloud

Today’s enterprises continue to invest aggressively in “cloud-first” strategies and architectures. All industries and verticals are adopting cloud services across all layers of cloud deployment models, including software as a service, platform as a service and infrastructure as a service. But the effort, time and money needed to move large databases and data to the cloud is proving to be a heavy burden that can slow the pace of cloud adoption.

Database cloud migrations involve a plethora of variables, unfamiliar technologies, lots of moving parts and no room for error for information technology leaders. By utilizing a familiar “Plan, Build, Run” structured approach, IT leaders can successfully migrate their on-premises systems to the cloud, while both mitigating the inherent risks and helping enterprises create a new cloud database platform that serves a springboard for business and technical agility.

The planning phase

The success of any cloud migration hinges on thorough preparation. This phase is about laying the foundation (strategy, expertise, tools and risk mitigation) before any data is moved.

IT leaders can start by developing a comprehensive migration strategy that aligns with the organization’s business objectives. This means understanding not only the technical aspects but also the business drivers such as cost savings, improved agility or access to advanced cloud-native features.

Leaders should then assess the complexity of the current database environment. They’ll have to consider things like the number of databases, their size, dependencies and customizations. They’ll also have to estimate the time, effort and resources required as well as identify key dependencies, potential risks and governance requirements early to avoid surprises down the line.

Choose the method of bulk-loading on-premises data into the cloud

Bulk data transfer is often the most time-consuming and technically challenging part of migration. IT leaders should select a data transfer method that fits the enterprises’ needs, including internet transfers, direct network connections or physical device shipping.

Choose the tools for migrating the database structure and code

Migrating data is only part of the challenge; database structures, stored procedures, triggers and other code must also be moved.

In this part of the process, IT leaders must identify and select migration tools that address the specific needs of the enterprise, especially if they’re moving between different database technologies (heterogeneous migration).

Some things they’ll need to consider are: compatibility, transformation requirements and the ability to automate repetitive tasks. Testing these tools early can save significant time and frustration later.

Choose the tools for database synchronization

During migration, especially for large or critical systems, IT leaders should keep their on-premises and cloud databases synchronized to avoid downtime and data loss.

To help facilitate this, select synchronization tools that can handle the data change rates and business requirements. And be sure to test these tools in advance: High rates of change or complex data relationships can overwhelm some solutions, making parallel runs or phased cutovers unfeasible. Working in partnership with business stakeholders can help plan for any limitations there might be.

Create test plans for cloud databases and applications

Testing is a safety net. IT leaders should develop comprehensive test plans that cover not just technical functionality, but also performance, data integrity and user acceptance.

Leaders should also plan for parallel runs, operating both on-premises and cloud systems in tandem, to validate that everything works as expected before the final cutover. They should engage end users early in the process in order to ensure the migrated environment meets business needs.

The building phase

With a solid plan in place, this phase is about disciplined execution. This is where the actual migration happens: Data is moved, systems are transformed and synchronization is maintained.

Perform the migration

IT leaders should now have a detailed migration plan developed. To execute on it, start with the bulk data transfer, using the chosen method and tools. Then, migrate database schemas, code and objects, ensuring all dependencies and integrations are accounted for.

As the migration continues, maintain ongoing synchronization between on-premises and cloud databases to keep data current and minimize downtime. Monitor progress closely, resolve issues promptly and maintain clear communication with all stakeholders. Be prepared to iterate: Unexpected challenges are common, and flexibility here will be key.

The run phase

Migration isn’t the finish line, it’s the start of a new operational phase for the enterprise. This phase focuses on optimizing, securing and extracting value from the enterprise’s new cloud database platform.

As the enterprise transitions to cloud operations, IT leaders should be focused on monitoring, security and compliance. For example, implement robust monitoring to detect and resolve issues quickly. And, ensure that security controls such as encryption, access management and compliance policies, are fully operational in the cloud environment.

Now is the time to optimize for performance and cost, leveraging cloud-native features such as elastic scaling, automated backups and integrated analytics. And to decommission legacy systems and archive old data, ensure secure disposal or long-term storage as required.

Continuous improvement is key. IT leaders should use this opportunity to modernize processes, adopt DevOps practices and enable greater business agility. The cloud isn’t just a new home for the enterprise’s data, it’s a platform for innovation and growth.

Lyn Robison is a research vice president in the Data Management Strategies team in Gartner for Technical Professionals. CIOs and IT executives can hear additional insights at the Gartner IT Symposium/Xpo, where they will learn how to become agents of change in their organizations and harness AI for successful digital transformation. Follow news and updates from the conferences on X using #GartnerSYM, and on the Gartner Newsroom.

Image: SiliconANGLE/Reve